Spectroscopic observations with the Keck II telescope in Hawaii revealed distinct nickel and cyanide emissions surrounding the interstellar object 3I/ATLAS, extending several hundred kilometers from its nucleus. The data, presented by Hoogendam et al. (2025) and summarized by astrophysicist Avi Loeb, show an anomalous concentration of nickel and an absence of iron lines—behavior unseen in known comets. These results, together with earlier Hubble images showing an anti-tail oriented toward the Sun, further reinforce the object’s unusual nature.

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A newly discovered asteroid designated 2025 TP2 will make a close approach to Earth at 20:08 UTC on October 15, 2025, passing at just of 0.25 lunar distances.

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ESA is preparing the second targeted atmospheric reentry of its long-running Cluster mission, with the spacecraft Rumba expected to descend into Earth’s atmosphere over a remote region of the South Pacific Ocean on October 22, 2025. The maneuver will follow the first controlled reentry of Salsa in September 2024 and continues ESA’s program to end the 24-year mission through precise, safe disposal of each satellite.

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A very bright fireball was seen streaking over the skies of Dargaville, New Zealand, at 15:12 UTC on October 1, 2025.

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A previously unknown meteor shower, the gamma-Horologii, was detected in the southern hemisphere between September 15 and 26, 2025. The outburst is ongoing, with the radiant located near the star gamma Horologii.

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A newly-discovered asteroid designated 2025 TF made an extremely close approach to Earth at 00:49 UTC on October 1, 2025, reaching a nominal distance of 0.02 LD (0.00005 AU / 6 790 km / 4 220 miles) from Earth’s center -- equivalent to about 419 km (260 miles) above the surface over Antarctica. At this distance, it is now classified as the second-closest asteroid flyby ever recorded.

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The interstellar object 3I/ATLAS showed no measurable non-gravitational acceleration between May and September 2025, implying a nucleus mass above 33 billion tons and a diameter larger than 5 km (3 miles), according to a study co-authored by Harvard Professor Avi Loeb and published on September 24.

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A newly discovered asteroid designated 2025 SU4 flew past Earth at just 0.06 lunar distances (0.00015 AU / 22 380 km / 13 906 miles) from the center of our planet at 08:34 UTC on September 24, 2025.

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A coronal mass ejection (CME) launched from the Sun on September 19 is forecast by NASA’s ENLIL model to strike interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS on September 24 or 25, an extremely rare event that comes as the comet brightens 40-fold and prepares to disappear into the Sun’s glare.

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A bright fireball crossed the skies of northern India at around 01:20–01:30 IST on September 20 (19:50–20:00 UTC on September 19). The object was widely observed across Delhi, Gurugram, Noida, Ghaziabad, Faridabad, Dwarka, and Aligarh, where it fragmented into multiple pieces before fully disintegrating in the atmosphere. Although several initial reports described the object as...

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